کمر درد ، از شایع ترین دردهایی است که بسیاری از افراد جامعه فارغ از هر سن و سالی با آن روبرو هستند. این دسته از افراد در وهله اول که با این بیماری مواجه می شوند ، شاید به درستی ندانند که برای درمان کمر درد باید به چه پزشکی مراجعه نمایند. ناگفته نماند که برای درمان کمر درد ؛ ابتدا می بایست علت آن مشخص گردد. تشخیص دلیل قطعی ابتلا به این بیماری و درمان آن در صلاحیت دکتر مونا حجازی ، بهترین متخصص مغز و اعصاب یا اصطلاحا نورولوژیست می باشد. لازم به ذکر است که درمان کلیه بیماری های دستگاه عصبی ؛ اعم از کمردرد و غیره ، در حوزه تخصص متخصص مغز و اعصاب است.

 

درمان کمر درد

 

عوامل بروز کمر درد

شدت کمر درد با توجه به گستردگی آن متفاوت می باشد ، بنابراین می تواند به صورت یک ناراحتی جزئی و مختصر بروز کند یا فرد را با وضعیتی ناتوان کننده روبرو سازد. در هر صورت ابتلا به کمر درد چه از نوع خفیف و چه از نوع حاد ، زندگی فرد را تحت الشعاع قرار داده و در فعالیت های روزمره او تداخل ایجاد می کند.

رایج ترین عواملی که سبب بروز کمر درد می شوند عبارتند از :

  • وارد آمدن فشار بر ناحیه کمر در حین انجام کار
  • بلند کردن اجسام به کمک کمر
  • پارگی یا بیرون زدگی دیسک کمر ( فتق دیسک )
  • لغزش مهره های ستون فقرات و ایجاد فشار بر روی ستون فقرات
  • تنگی کانال نخاع و فشار آمدن بر طناب نخاعی و اعصاب مجاور آن

 علائم کمر درد

کمر درد در اکثریت موارد با علائم ذیل در پاها و اندام های تحتانی ، همراه است :

  • احساس بی حسی در اندام های مذکور
  • احساس مور مور شدن

تشخیص علت کمر درد

توجه داشته باشید که علائم فوق الذکر ، لزوما همیشه ناشی از کمر درد نبوده و در برخی موارد ممکن است در اثر بیماری های دیگری اعم از اسکلروز ، ام اس و غیره رخ دهد. از این رو همانطور که پیشتر نیز اشاره شد ، جهت درمان کمر درد در گام اول باید علت اصلی کمر درد تعیین شود که این کار به عهده متخصص مغز و اعصاب خواهد بود. بدیهی است که پزشک به منظور تشخیص بیماری ممکن است آزمایش هایی نظیر ام آر آی و رادیوگرافی تجویز نماید تا بدین ترتیب علت قطعی بروز بیماری را مشخص نماید. شایان ذکر است که در پاره ای موارد در راستای درمان کمر درد به بیش از یک متخصص ، نیاز خواهد بود که این مسئله به وضعیت بیمار بستگی دارد.

روش های خانگی برای درمان کمر درد

در مواردی که درد در ناحیه کمر سطحی و کوتاه مدت باشد می توانید با استفاده از روش های خانگی به درمان آن بپردازید. در ادامه روش های خانگی را معرفی می کنیم که می توان درد این ناحیه را کاهش داد و نیازی به مراجعه به دکتر را در این مرحله نداشته باشید.اما به خاطر داشته باشید که برای بهبود و درمان کمر درد باید به متخصص مغز و اعصاب مراجعه کنید که علت به وجود آمدن درد و راه کار درمان را پیش بگیرید. اما برای درد های سطحی می توانید از روش های زیر استفاده کنید. عبارتند از :

  • بهبود با کمپرس های سرد و گرم :

    در مواردی که درد در بدن وجود دارد می توانید با استفاده از دو درجه درمای سرد و گرم به کاهش این حالت به وجود آمده کمک بسیاری بکنید. در صورت بروز هر نوع آسیب وارده به کمر و دیگر نواحی بدن می توانید با به کار بردن کمپرس یخ از میزان ناراحتی و درد به وجود آمده بکاهد. به خاطر داشته باشید که سرما موجب می شود عصب های این بخش به حالت بی حسی در بیایند و میزان درد کمتری را به مغز ارسال کنند. در ۴۸ ساعت بعد که کمر درد همچنان ادامه دارد بهتر است که از کمپرس گرم استفاده کنید این کار باعث می شود گردش خون در این نقطه افزایش یابد و شل شدگی عضلات را به وجود می آورد در نتیجه استفاده از دو درجه دمای سرد و گرم می تواند یک راه کار ایده آل برای تسکین درد به وجود آمده به شمار بیاید.

  • استراحت :

    به یاد داشته باشید که استراحت کردن به خودی خود یکی از روش های درمان کمر درد به حساب نمی آید به گفته متخصصین این زمینه تحرک و فعالیت بدن منجر می شود که عضلات بدن خشک نشوند و این عدم تحرک می تواند یکی از علل درمان کمر درد به حساب بیاید. البته استراحت های کوتاه مدت می تواند به تسکین درد کمک شایانی کند اما استراحت مطلق راه کار مناسبی نخواهد بود.

  • ورزش :

    انجام فعالیت های ورزشی می تواند عضله ها را قوی و مستحکم کنند و این کار باعث می شود که میزان آسیب پذیری این اندام ها را به حداقل رساند. انجام حرکت های کششی و به ویژه ورزشی می تواند به کاهش درد کمر کمک شایانی کند. با مشورت دکتر می توانید در برنامه ورزشی خود از ترکیب تمرینات هوازی ، قدرتی و انعطافی برای تقویت عضلات و همچنین درمان کمر درد استفاده کنید.

روش های پزشکی برای درمان کمر درد

  • فیزیوتراپی که بهتر است توسط فیزیوتراپیست برای انجام حرکت های درمانی جهت کاهش درد کمر مورد استفاده قرار بگیرد. تعداد دفعات و شدت تمرین ها باید به وسیله دکتر مغز و اعصاب مشخص شود.
  • تقویت عضلات با استفاده از تمرین های ورزشی می تواند یکی دیگر از روش های درمان کمر درد باشد که توسط پزشک برای شما تعیین می گردد.
  • طب سوزنی نیز می تواند یکی از روش های مورد ظر برای درمان کمر درد تشخیص داده شود. البته به خاطر داشته باشید که وضعیت شما و شرایط جسمانی تعیین کننده انتخاب روش درمان کمر درد می باشد.
  • منوال تراپی در واقع ماساژ و مانیپولاسیون ستون فقرات می باشد نیز قادر است برای بهبود حالت ناخوشایند کمر به کار برده شود.
  • آمپول های مسکن و شل کننده ها نیز می توانند برای درمان کمر درد به کار برده شوند.
  • تزریق به مفصل فاست که دکتر متخصص مغز و اعصاب ماده بی حسی را به این عضو تزریق کرده که بتواند درد و التهاب به وجود آمده را کاهش دهد.

درمان کمر درد با جراحی

در غیر اینصورت اگر تمامی راه کار های ذکر شده برای درمان کمر درد مفید واقع نشوند می توان از دیگر متدهای درمانی استفاده کرد. در ادامه به انواع آن می پردازیم. عبارتند از :

  • ورتبروپلاستی
  • لامینکتومی ستون فقرات
  • دیسککتومی
  • فورامینوتومی
  • نوکلئوپلاستی
  • دنرواسیون رادیوفرکوئنسی
  • فیوژن ستون فقرات
  • جای گذاری دیسک مصنوعی
  • جدا کننده ستون فقرات

هزینه درمان کمر درد

برای دانستن نرخ نهایی این روش درمانی ابتدا باید بدانید که وضعیت جسمانی شما در چه وضعیتی قرار دارد. یعنی ابتدا بایستی به نوزولوژیست مراجعه کنید و مشخص شود منبع درد کمر شما چیست و چه راه کاری برای بهبود وضعیت شما مناسب دیده می شود. به نسبت شرایط شما می توان یکی از شیوه های درمانی مناسب را مد نظر قرار داد. در نتیجه به سختی می توان تخمین زد که هزینه درمان کمر درد به چه مقدار می باشد.

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