آنوریسم مغزی
به موجب نقص ساختمانی در جداره رگ ، بیرون زدگی نقطه ای به وجود خواهد آمد که به آن آنوریسم مغزی می گویند. همه ما به طور نا خودآگاه به هنگام بروز خطر ، با دست از سر خود محافظت خواهیم کرد ، چرا که می دانیم سر از حساس ترین نقاط بدن می باشد و عدم درمان بیماری های مغزی نظیر آنوریسم مغزی ، گاهی موجب بروز خون ریزی های کشنده مغزی خواهد شد.
ما در این مقاله بر آنیم تا شما را از علائم و دلایل بروز آنوریسم مغزی آگاه سازیم تا در صورت مشاهده این علائم ، بلافاصله به پزشک مراجعه نمایید.
علل آنوریسم مغزی
متاسفانه تا به حال علت اصلی بروز این بیماری مشخص نشده ولی ممکن است عواملی چون ژنتیک و سابقه ابتلا به بیماری در خانواده درجه یک ، فشار خون بالا ، مصرف دخانیات و سیگار موجب بروز این بیماری در افراد گردد.
در مواقعی ممکن است حین زایمان به دیواره شریان مغز آسیب وارد شود و موجب بروز آنوریسم مغزی گردد.
از مهمترین علل بروز آنوریسم مغزی می توان به داشتن فشار خون بالا اشاره کرد. چنانچه دیواره شریان نازک و ضعیف بوده و فشار خون فرد بالا باشد ، هنگام عبور خون از شریان حباب یا بخش بادکنک شکلی در رگ ها به وجود خواهد آمد که به آن آنوریسم مغزی می گویند.
آنوریسم ممکن است در سایر نقاط بدن نیز رخ دهد اما مغز و آئورت که وظیفه انتقال خون از قلب به سایر اجزای بدن را دارند ، بیشتر در معرض ابتلا به این بیماری می باشند.
علائم ابتلا به آنوریسم مغزی
- تشنج
- سفتی گردن
- حالت تهوع و استفراغ
- اختلالات حرکتی در دست و پا
- احساس درد شدید هنگام دیدن نور
- سر درد شدید و ناگهانی که درد آن مانند اصابت یک جسم به سر توصیف شده است.
عوارض آنوریسم مغزی پاره شده
اغلب بیش از نیمی از افرادی که دچار پارگی آنوریسم مغزی می شوند ، فقط تا دو هفته زنده می مانند و بقیه از مرگ فرار خواهند کرد ، اما دچار عوارضی چون ناتوانی حرکتی و فلج و آسیب های شدید مغزی خواهند شد.
چنانچه جداره شریان باریک باشد و احتمال پارگی آن وجود داشته باشد ، باید اقدامات پیشگیرانه ای انجام شود.
در صورت مشاهده و تشخیص احتمال پارگی ، با استفاده از مش یا آلیاژ ، دیواره شریان ترمیم خواهد شد تا از احتمال پارگی آن جلوگیری شود.
ولی چنانچه احتمال پارگی دیواره در افراد کم باشد تنها با تجویز دارو های کاهش فشار خون از پارگی دیواره پیشگیری خواهد شد.
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